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The Pirna 014 was an axial turbojet designed in East Germany (or the GDR) in the mid- to late 1950s by former Junkers engineers, who were repatriated to East Germany in 1954 after being held in custody in the Soviet Union following World War II.〔("Das Triebwerk-Entwicklungswerk Pirna (Werk 802)," ) ''www.flugzeug-lorenz.de'' Retrieved: 26 July 2012.〕 ==Origin== After the remaining groups of German engineers that were not already expatriated to Germany were concentrated in Sawjelowo north of Moscow in December 1953, planning for a civilian airliner that was to be powered by four jet engines started. Head of engine research & development was (then Dipl.-Ing.) Ferdinand Brandner, whereas (then Dipl.-Ing.) Brunolf Baade was given the general project lead. Before Brandner, after being forced to stay in the Soviet Union for 9 years, finally went back to his family in Austria he selected his deputy (then Dr.-Ing.) Rudolf Scheinost to continue his works and to lead the engine development. The engine project ''014'', a continuation of the numbering sequence of previous Jumo jet engines, was at this time named ''Dwigatel 014'' (from ''reactivnyi dvigatel'', literally "jet drive") and given the main focus. As for the airliner that was intended being powered by project ''014'', it was the Baade 152 passenger jet, which was to be developed and constructed as pre-production aircraft at ''VEB Industriewerke Dresden'' (Factory 803),〔("Das Flugzeug-Serienwerk 803," ) ''www.flugzeug-lorenz.de'' Retrieved: 27 July 2012.〕 part of which was the later VEB Flugzeugwerke Dresden. On 5 July 1954 the last group of 200, mainly engineers but finally also the key technical leads and minds, arrived in the Saxon town of Pirna. While only some persons, for example Ferdinand Brandner or Günther Bock left again shortly afterwards for their final destinations in Austria and West Berlin, the majority were eager to continue with engine and aircraft development in the GDR. In a part of the town called ''Sonnenstein'' (literally ''sun stone'', which itself is situated on a plateau between the river valleys of Elbe in the North and Gottleuba in the West), work centered around planning of future operations / building factories and related to ''152'' and ''014'' started almost instantly. First they operated from the buildings of ''HV-18'' (Hauptverwaltung 18, which was established earlier, in 1951/1952), until construction work for the engine development works started in the summer of 1955. A new design and administration building, almost identical to the one in Dresden located at Factory 801, was constructed. Two large assembly and manufacturing plants, several engine test stands (with their characteristic towers), large underground tanks intended for test runs, other halls and social facilities, plus housing for the workers were finished. VEB Entwicklungsbau Pirna (Factory 802) (renamed ''VEB Gasturbinenbau und Energiemaschinenentwicklung Pirna'' in 1961, later in 1970 transformed into ''VEB Strömungsmaschinen Pirna'') was officially founded there on 1 May 1955. (Other development works and factories that later formed the East German aviation industry were founded on the same date. See History of East German aviation industry.) The project documentation that was already begun before final return of the engineers involved to Germany, was extended by a new, enlarged team now being located in Pirna and prepared for prototyping. From the beginnings in 1954 until the completion of new factories in 1957, the premises in Pirna were basically operating as the spiritual center of aviation-related research, development & production in the GDR. Only from thereon, it was that upper management level moved to their new offices in Dresden. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Pirna 014」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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